PayPal Pay with Phone: Mobile Payment Insights
Intro
In today's fast-paced digital world, the methods of making payments have evolved drastically. One such method, standing out due to its convenience and security, is using mobile payments via PayPal. With smartphones in almost everyone's pocket, the notion of paying with a phone is more than just a trend; itโs becoming a staple of modern life. Whether you're grabbing a coffee at your local shop or purchasing the latest gadget online, knowing how to utilize PayPal's mobile payment option is vital. This overview will break down how it operates, the perks it provides, and the safety measures one should consider.
Key Terms Explained
Understanding some essential terminology can make the exploration of mobile payments much clearer.
Fundamental Concepts
- Mobile Payments: Transactions conducted via mobile devices like smartphones or tablets.
- PayPal: A widely-used online payment platform that allows individuals and businesses to make and receive payments electronically.
- Digital Wallet: An application that securely stores usersโ credit card, debit card, and bank account information, enabling quick and easy electronic transactions.
- Two-factor Authentication (2FA): An extra layer of security that requires not just a password and username, but also something that only the user has on them, like a physical device or unique code sent to their phone.
Glossary of Investment Terms
Though this overview focuses on mobile payments, it can also be insightful to look at a few related financial terms:
- Transaction Fee: A fee charged by PayPal for processing payments, which may vary based on transaction type.
- Merchant Account: An account held by a business with a financial institution to accept credit and debit card payments.
- Chargeback: A return of funds to a consumer, initiated at the consumer's request. This often occurs if there's a dispute with a transaction.
The above terms form the foundation of our discussion on mobile payments via PayPal, providing clarity as we move forward. Understanding these key concepts helps in appreciating the functionality and significance of utilizing PayPal as a mobile payment method.
Intro to Mobile Payments
Mobile payments are becoming a huge deal in todayโs fast-paced world. Everyone wants instant access and quick transactions. With a smartphone glued to our palms, it only makes sense to use them to pay. This overview sets the stage for how mobile payments have revolutionized our financial transactions and why platforms like PayPal are at the forefront of this shift.
The Evolution of Payment Methods
Payment methods have come a long way over the years, from barter systems to cash, and then to plastic cards. The transition from traditional to digital forms of payment has been particularly steep.
- Cash to Cards: Once upon a time, cash was king. But as society moved into the era of credit and debit cards, carrying around a bulky wallet became less necessary.
- Online Transactions: The birth of the internet brought online shopping, changing how people viewed payments. Suddenly, you could buy anything from anywhere without moving an inch.
- Mobile Payments: Fast forward to today, and we have mobile payments. A few taps on your smartphone and you've bought your morning coffee without lifting a card.
The convenience of mobile payments offers immediate gratification that cash or even cards can't compete with. People are always looking for a more efficient way to handle their personal and business finances.
Rise of Mobile Payment Solutions
In the last decade, mobile payment solutions have exploded like popcorn in a hot pan. If you look around, youโll see everyone whipping out their phones to pay for everything, from groceries to gifts. This trend is not just a whim; itโs a transformative shift in how commerce is conducted.
- Smartphone Integration: Almost everyone has a smartphone, making mobile payments accessible to a broad audience. Mobile payment platforms leverage this ubiquity to offer services directly from the user's pocket.
- Peer-to-Peer Transactions: Solutions like PayPal allow people to send money to each other seamlessly. Itโs like passing cash but without the risk of losing those paper bills.
- Retailer Adoption: Retail businesses, both big and small, have jumped on board, integrating mobile payment options as part of their sales strategy. This not only enhances the shopping experience but also helps streamline their operations.
In sum, mobile payments aren't just a fleeting trend; they're a fixture of modern commerce. The way we pay has deeply shifted to accommodate this convenience, making platforms like PayPal essential players in this ever-evolving landscape.
Understanding PayPal as a Payment Platform
In todayโs world, where digital transactions have transformed how we manage money, understanding PayPal as a payment platform is crucial. For many, PayPal is not just a means to send or receive money; it has become an integral component of e-commerce and online banking. Choosing PayPal as a platform provides users with numerous advantages that enhance their transactional security, user experience, and financial flexibility.
History and Development of PayPal
PayPal's journey began in the late 1990s, blossoming from a simple digital payment system into a behemoth in the financial tech space. Initially, the company was listed as Confinity, focusing on creating security software for handheld devices. However, they later pivoted towards developing a digital wallet service. The big break came after merging with X.com, which was co-founded by Elon Musk. This union propelled PayPal into the online payment spotlight.
By 2002, eBay acquired PayPal and effectively positioned it at the forefront of online transactions. This acquisition allowed PayPal to optimize the user experience, focusing on addressing the needs of both buyers and sellers on eBay. Fast forward to today, PayPal stands head and shoulders above its competitors, making strides to stay relevant in an ever-evolving digital landscape. Regular updates and new features highlight its willingness to adapt to user demands and market changes.
Over the years, PayPal has integrated various functionalities, allowing it to become more than just a payment processor. Launching services like PayPal Credit and Braintree, it has expanded its capabilities, ensuring that it caters to a wider audience. From small business owners to individual users, PayPal's evolution reflects its commitment to providing a seamless financial service.
PayPalโs Market Position
When one thinks of mobile payments, PayPal is often top of mind. It commands a significant market share, a testament to its reliability and widespread acceptance. The platform's user base now spans over 400 million active accounts, making it a household name in online finance.
Key Factors Influencing PayPalโs Market Position:
- Trust and Security: Consumers prioritize their financial safety and PayPal has worked hard to instill that sense of trust. Their fraud protection measures and customer service help to alleviate concerns.
- Wide Acceptance: Many merchants online, from Amazon to Etsy, accept PayPal, further cementing its role as the go-to payment method. This broad acceptance enhances its user base, as customers prefer platforms that they know will fit seamlessly into their shopping habits.
- Innovative Features: Features like PayPal Here, which offers merchants a way to accept payments anywhere, showcases its innovative spirit. With the continual integration of new technologies, PayPal remains relevant and competitive.
Moreover, its commitment to conducting business with transparency builds user confidence. When people feel theyโre in their rights, they are more likely to use services that protect those rights. This commitment, combined with its forward-thinking approach to digital finance, makes PayPal indispensable in a world increasingly reliant on mobile payments.
"In the digital age, understanding the tools at one's disposal, like PayPal, can mean not just convenience but strategic financial management."
Moving forward, as the financial landscape shifts towards more digital and mobile solutions, knowing how to best utilize PayPal can empower users to navigate their financial needs effectively.
Mechanics of Paying with PayPal on Mobile Devices
In the realm of mobile payments, understanding the intricacies of how to effectively utilize PayPal on your phone marks a pivotal point for users. The mechanics combine various elements, which contribute not only to a seamless payment experience but also to the broader landscape of digital transactions. Central to this discussion is how PayPal's functionalities afford users the luxury of managing their finances anytime and anywhere, reflecting the demands of modern life.
Setting Up Your PayPal Account on Mobile
Creating an Account
Creating a PayPal account is often the first step for many new users diving into mobile payments. This step is uncomplicated and, in most cases, free. By signing up, individuals gain access to a platform that facilitates online purchases, transactions, and money transfers with ease. This process typically involves providing personal information such as your name, email address, and a secure password.
The benefit of establishing an account is not just about setting up a fund transfer mechanism; it's also about positioning oneself in an ecosystem that prioritizes convenience and speed. One of the standout characteristics is its universal appealโwhether you are a tech-savvy millennial or someone less acquainted with digital finance, PayPal manages to cater to a varied audience.
However, there are a few considerations when creating an account. For instance, users may encounter barriers if they do not possess a credit or debit card, as this can limit the functionality of their account. Also, potential concerns over data privacy do arise, warranting thorough consideration before proceeding.
Linking Bank Accounts or Cards
Once an account is created, the next step generally involves linking a bank account or credit/debit card. This action enables funds to be transferred quickly, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency of mobile payments. Linking a financial source not only allows for immediate transactions but also serves as a backup for users looking to withdraw funds from their PayPal balance.
The main advantage of linking accounts is the availability of resources when making purchases, as users can choose between funds directly loaded into PayPal or their bankโs resources. This flexibility is invaluable, especially when engaging in high-value transactions where immediate fund availability is critical.
That said, there are trade-offs. For instance, linking your bank often requires more steps, such as verification procedures, which may seem rigorous. Additionally, underscoring data security concerns, providing sensitive financial information does call for a level of trust, which naturally varies from person to person.
Exploring PayPal Mobile App Features
User Interface Overview
The User Interface (UI) of the PayPal mobile app plays an essential role in how users interact with the platform. An intuitive layout allows for easy navigation, ensuring users can find their way around quickly, even in the fast-paced world of online shopping.
One key characteristic that stands out is the simplicity of design. The app presents essential features in a clean, organized manner, making it accessible even for first-time users. The effectiveness of the UI often translates directly into user satisfaction, as hassle-free access to features like sending money, donating, or reviewing transactions encourages frequent use.
While this intuitive design serves broader usability, there may be occasional moments of confusion, especially when involved in advanced functions. Users accustomed to more complex designs in other financial apps might initially find the PayPal UI too straightforward; however, its ease of use usually enhances comfort over time.
Navigation Tips
Understanding navigation within the PayPal mobile app is just as vital as appreciating the UI itself. Effective navigation tips can amplify user efficiency and streamline their experience. One primary approach is familiarizing oneself with the layout, which can reduce the learning curve significantly.
Highlighting the app's ability to place the most used features, such as 'Send Money,' 'Request Money,' or 'Pay with QR Code,' readily available at the forefront aids users immensely. Such streamlined access is a valuable trait, particularly for those who prioritize instant transactions on the go.
However, some may overlook the depth of features hidden within the app, such as account settings and transaction history. Users should make it a point to explore these options to fully utilize PayPal's functionalities, ensuring a comprehensive and effective mobile payment experience.
"Familiarity with the appโs navigation can dramatically enhance your payment experienceโefficiency is key!"
In summary, understanding the mechanics of paying with PayPal on mobile devices encompasses a variety of crucial components, from creating and linking accounts to navigating the app. Each step is interlinked, forming a robust foundation that facilitates an effective mobile payment experience.
Making Payments with PayPal on Your Phone
Making payments using PayPal on your mobile device is becoming an essential part of everyday transactions. In today's fast-paced world, where convenience is king, being able to execute payments from your smartphone simplifies life significantly. With a few taps, users can send money to friends, shop online, or pay at brick-and-mortar stores. This accessibility offers a seamless experience and helps users manage their finances on-the-go.
The simplicity of this method attracts both tech-savvy individuals and those who are less familiar with digital transactions. Furthermore, as mobile payment trends continue to rise, understanding how to navigate this platform can lead to smarter, more efficient payment practices, enhancing financial control.
Initiating a Payment Process
Initiating a payment through PayPal is straightforward, but two features stand out for their practicality and efficiency: PayPal's QR Code feature and the option to transfer funds to friends and family.
Using PayPalโs QR Code Feature
The QR Code feature in PayPal serves as a quick and effective way to complete transactions without fuss. Users can scan a merchant's QR code to pay for goods or services instantly. This mechanism removes the need for cash or credit cards, rendering it an excellent option in various environments.
One key characteristic of this system lies in its speed - payments can be processed in mere seconds. It's a beneficial choice for users looking for hassle-free transactions, especially in busy retail settings. Just pull out your phone, scan, and pay. Itโs that simple.
However, itโs important to consider that, while convenient, the QR Code feature requires an active internet connection and a compatible device. In areas with limited connectivity, users may find this feature less effective. Still, for those who often shop in urban settings or during events where payment transactions need to be quick, the QR option shines as a standout feature of PayPal.
Transferring Funds to Friends and Family
Transferring funds to friends and family through PayPal is another vital aspect of mobile payments. This service is particularly useful when splitting bills or sending money for gifts. The beauty of this feature is its social aspect; money transfers can be done seamlessly between users who may not be physically together. It adds a layer of convenience to social gatherings, reducing the need for cash transactions.
The unique feature of this option is the ability to send money directly to someoneโs PayPal account using just their email address or phone number. Users can transfer funds without needing extensive account details, making it extraordinarily user-friendly. However, would-be senders should be mindful of potential transaction fees when using credit cards. While transfers funded through a bank account come at no cost, credit card transactions may attract fees that the sender should consider.
Completing Transactions at Retailers
When it comes to retail environments, PayPal offers a variety of payment options to complete transactions. Retailers are increasingly embracing mobile wallets as part of their point-of-sale systems.
Simply show your phone at the register, scan your QR code or tap your device, and voilร ! The payment is processed almost instantly. This method eliminates physical cash handling and speeds up the checkout processโall while providing a secure financial transaction experience.
In a time when hygiene is paramount, minimizing physical contact with cash or card machines is an added benefit. Moreover, shoppers can track their spending and transactions easily through the PayPal app, bringing a sense of control and awareness to their purchases.
As the landscape of commerce continues to change, being adept at making payments through your phone using PayPal is a skill worth developing. Understanding both the QR code function and the dynamics of person-to-person transfers can significantly enhance your ability to navigate the modern financial world.
Benefits of Using PayPal for Mobile Payments
The benefits of using PayPal for mobile payments stand as a crucial pillar in understanding how this platform enhances the user experience. As more people embrace the convenience of mobile transactions, recognizing these advantages not only enriches individual understanding but also fosters better decision-making when it comes to finances. Two significant aspects emerge: convenience and accessibility combined with integration with other services. These features give users a comprehensive toolkit that can make financial life much easier.
Convenience and Accessibility
PayPal makes mobile payments as easy as pie. Imagine walking into a shop, glancing at your phone, and completing your transaction in seconds. This ease of use stems from PayPal's user-friendly interface and robust mobile app.
- Instant Transactions: Payments can be completed in a flash. After linking a bank account or a credit card, initiating payment takes just a few clicks or taps, allowing for virtually instant transactions. This is a game-changer, particularly in a world where time is of the essence.
- Accessible Anywhere: Whether you're enjoying a coffee in a cafe or doing the grocery shopping, your money is just a tap away. The mobile app is designed to work seamlessly on both Android and iOS devices, making accessibility a non-issue no matter your preference of technology.
- No Need for Physical Cash: With nearly everyone carrying a smartphone nowadays, the necessity of fumbling for coins or bills is diminishing. Paying with PayPal on your phone lets you ditch extra clutter in your wallet, making the whole experience neater.
Integration with Other Services
Another ace up PayPal's sleeve is its capacity for integration with a slew of other platforms and services. This synergy not only rounds out the user experience but also enhances its banking capabilities.
- E-commerce Platforms: PayPal integrates seamlessly into online marketplaces like eBay or Etsy. This means sellers can receive payments directly through PayPal, while buyers enjoy a secure and familiar payment methodโoften translating to increased trust in completing transactions.
- Financial Management Tools: Connecting with budgeting apps and financial tools can give users a clearer picture of their spending habits. For instance, when you use PayPal to make purchases, it can sync with tools like Mint or YNAB, helping individuals manage their finances more effectively.
- Loyalty Programs: Various retailers offer rewards when using PayPal for purchases. This integration provides an added incentive; users can earn points or cash back simply by using the app for payments, effectively merging shopping with savings.
In short, the blend of convenience and third-party integrations within PayPal provides a transformative experience for mobile payment users.
Individuals and businesses alike benefit from this versatility, changing the very landscape of how people view and utilize mobile payments. Understanding and leveraging these benefits can help create smarter, more informed financial choices.
Security Considerations for Mobile Payments
Mobile payments have grown in popularity, paving the way for more convenient transactions. However, this increasing reliance on mobile technology brings about significant security challenges. When discussing PayPal as a mobile payment option, understanding security considerations becomes crucial. Security isn't just a buzzword; it's a foundation that protects users from various threats, such as identity theft and financial fraud. Evaluating the aspects of PayPalโs security features can alleviate concerns for both novice and expert users alike.
Understanding Security Features in PayPal
Two-Factor Authentication
Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) is considered a top-tier defense in the digital payment arena. This method requires users to validate their identity through two distinct verification steps. Typically, a password is combined with a second form of authentication, such as a mobile notification or a text message code. The importance of having a dual layer of security cannot be understated.
Its main characteristic is to add an extra roadblock against unauthorized access. With something you know (your password) and something you have (like your phone), it serves as a robust barrier. Many users find this beneficial, as it remarkably diminishes the chance of account breaches.
However, while 2FA enhances security, it can be seen as an inconvenience. In fast-paced scenarios, needing to enter a code can feel like extra work; but the added layer of protection it provides is invaluable.
Fraud Protection Measures
Another critical component of PayPal's mobile payment security is its Fraud Protection Measures. This system is designed to monitor transactions in real-time, analyzing patterns and flagging anything that appears dubious. The key characteristic of this feature is its proactive approach to safeguarding user transactions, providing alerts about suspicious activities.
Why is this considered a popular choice? Users appreciate the peace of mind; knowing that any odd activity will be caught and flagged before it results in financial loss is comforting. One unique aspect of this measure is its risk assessment technology that leverages machine learning for more precise detection.
Still, it's important to note that no system is foolproof. Fraud protection is excellent, but reliance solely on these measures might lead to complacency. Users should remain vigilant about their personal account security.
Best Practices for Securing Transactions
- Regularly Update Passwords: Use strong, complex passwords and change them frequently to mitigate risks.
- Enable Two-Factor Authentication: Always activate 2FA to add that extra layer of protection.
- Monitor Account Activity: Frequently check your account for any unrecognized transactions can help catch issues before they escalate.
- Secure Your Device: Ensure that your mobile device has updated security features. Regularly update your operating system and apps.
- Beware of Public Wi-Fi: Avoid using public Wi-Fi when making transactions. If necessary, use a VPN for more secure browsing.
Utilizing these guidelines can offer extra protection when navigating the world of mobile payments. As mobile payments continue to evolve, staying informed and proactive is key to ensuring a secure financial experience.
Common Issues and Troubleshooting
In the landscape of mobile payments, navigating through unexpected hiccups is as crucial as enjoying a seamless experience. As users lean more towards digital wallets, the frequency of missteps and complications naturally increases. This section sheds light on some common issues related to using PayPal via mobile, while also guiding users toward effective troubleshooting strategies. Understanding these pitfalls can help enhance user confidence and enable smoother transactions in the future.
Addressing Payment Failures
Payment failures can often be startling, especially when a transaction is crucial, such as when purchasing everyday items or paying bills. There are a few reasons payments may not go through, and understanding these causes is half the battle.
- Insufficient Funds: One common reason for payment failure is running low on funds in either the linked bank account or PayPal balance. Users should verify their account balances regularly to prevent this issue.
- Incorrect Credentials: If PayPal couldn't validate your payment information, the transaction will fail. It's wise to double-check linked accounts and ensure they are valid and not expired.
- Technical Glitches: Sometimes itโs just a minor glitch on the platform or mobile app. Restarting the app or the device could resolve these temporary issues, leading to successful transactions.
- Merchant Issues: Occasionally, the problem may arise from the merchantโs end. If the merchantโs payment system is down or having issues, your payment might not go through, regardless of your PayPal status.
Solutions to these issues can range from simple tweaks to your account settings, to contacting PayPalโs support for further guidance. Therefore,
- Regularly monitoring linked financial accounts is a sensible practice.
- Familiarizing oneself with the PayPal app interface can help users quickly diagnose problems and seek help.
Always remain vigilant about your financial settings to avoid getting caught in unnecessary payment Blockades; a little prevention goes a long way.
Resolving Account Access Problems
Gaining access to one's PayPal account can sometimes feel like navigating a maze. Whether it's forgotten passwords or security complications, these are serious bumps on the road to financing convenience.
- Forgotten Passwords: This is a hurdle many encounter. PayPal provides a straightforward recovery process, allowing users to reset passwords through their email or linked phone number. It's essential to keep recovery information updated.
- Account Lockouts: If there are multiple failed login attempts, PayPal may temporarily lock the account for security. This temporarily inhibits access but can be resolved through the app or website's recovery options.
- Two-Step Verification Issues: If you're using two-factor authentication and cannot access your verification method, this can lead to access problems. Users should have backup codes stored securely or ensure their secondary method, like email or phone, is accessible.
- Suspended Accounts: For users who possibly violated terms, account suspension can happen. In such cases, contacting PayPal's customer service through their support page will be necessary to resolve the issue.
Being proactive about account security and adhering to best practices can often prevent these problems from popping up. Regularly reviewing account activity, enabling security notifications, and being mindful of access points serves to keep your account safe and accessible.
In summation, troubleshooting common issues associated with mobile payments, particularly those linked to PayPal, is fundamental for a positive user experience. By addressing potential payment failures and preparing for access hurdles, users can ensure their journey through mobile transactions remains as smooth as possible.
Future Trends in Mobile Payments
The arena of mobile payments is shifting rapidly, and it's essential to keep a finger on the pulse of emerging trends. Understanding these shifts not only helps users adapt but also allows businesses to stay one step ahead. Mobile payments are no longer just a convenience; they are becoming a necessity as society leans more into digital transactions. This article spends time delving into topics that forecast how mobile payments, particularly through PayPal, may evolve and affect both consumers and merchants in the coming years.
Emerging Technologies in Mobile Banking
In the frontier of mobile payments, emerging technologies are redefining how we handle transactions. Here are some of the most notable advancements:
- Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: These technologies enhance security measures, pinpointing potentially fraudulent activity by learning user behavior patterns. By anticipating these anomalies, PayPal can bolster its fraud detection significantly.
- Blockchain Technology: This tech lends itself to more transparent and secure transactions. Blockchain may allow instant payment settlements between users without needing banks as intermediaries, streamlining operations even further.
- Contactless Payments: NFC (Near Field Communication) technology is making waves. Users can simply tap their phones to make a purchase. This technology is becoming standard practice in retail environments, enabling a smoother, faster payment process.
As these technologies continue to be integrated into systems, users can look forward to not only faster payments but also a greater emphasis on security and convenience, reducing friction in everyday transactions.
Shifts in Consumer Behavior
Consumer behavior is changing at breakneck speed due to the proliferation of smartphones and the internet. Observing these shifts can give valuable insights into where the future of payments is headed:
- Preference for Mobile Solutions: As people increasingly rely on their phones for everyday tasks, there's a notable shift towards using phones for payments. This might lessen the dependency on cash and even on traditional banking methods.
- Expectation on Convenience and Speed: Fast transactions are no longer a luxury; they are expected. Consumers want to complete payments with minimal hassle. Tools embedded within PayPalโs offering, like a streamlined user interface, are crucial for meeting this demand.
- Increased Online Shopping: As more consumers opt for online shopping, mobile payment solutions like PayPal provide a lifeline by ensuring secure transactions on the go. Consumers enjoy the ability to pay quickly and efficiently, whether they're browsing on their lunch break or shopping from home.
In summary, the landscape of mobile payments is evolving. Emerging technologies push boundaries, while shifting consumer habits reshape expectations. The upshot is a more connected, secure, and efficient payment system that seems set to intertwine more deeply with our everyday lives.
The End
The conclusion of this article holds significant weight in synthesizing the insights gathered throughout the discourse on using PayPal for mobile payments. It underscores how powerful and versatile PayPal can be when it comes to handling transactions directly from your smartphone, making life easier in todayโs fast-paced world. From the benefits offered such as convenience and integration with various services to the vital security measures that protect users, this platform can profoundly change how one approaches payments.
Summary of Key Insights
- Convenience: PayPal simplifies transactions with just a few taps on a mobile device, eliminating the need for cash or cards.
- Security: Robust security features, including two-factor authentication and fraud protection protocols, ensure users feel safe while making transactions.
- User Engagement: The mobile app's interface is designed to be user-friendly, catering to both tech-savvy users and those who might struggle with new technologies.
This article also highlights the importance of understanding the mechanisms behind making payments through PayPal. With insights on features like scanning QR codes and the ease of sending money to family and friends, readers can appreciate the full range of capabilities. Therefore, familiarity with these processes is crucial for maximizing benefits while minimizing potential issues.
Encouragement for Informed Usage
As mobile payments are steadily becoming the norm, it is essential for users to approach this technology with a blend of enthusiasm and caution. Educating oneself about how to effectively use PayPal, in addition to keeping security practices in check, leads to a more robust experience. Here are a few reminders for users:
- Stay Informed: Keep up with updates from PayPal regarding new features and security enhancements.
- Transactional Awareness: Always double-check transaction details before confirming payments to avoid potential errors.
- Security Habits: Regularly update passwords and utilize two-factor authentication to keep accounts secure.
In summary, mastering the PayPal mobile payment system provides a significant advantage in navigating financial transactions. By adopting informed practices, users can facilitate a hassle-free payment experience while ensuring their data remains secure.
"The only thing worse than being without cash is being without the means to send or receive funds, make informed choices to stay ahead."
With this understanding, users can effectively leverage PayPal's capabilities, ensuring a smooth and safe transaction process in their daily lives.